Consumer Price Index (CPI)

Source: FRED (CPIAUCSL) | Frequency: monthly | Last updated: April 9, 2026

What This Means for You

The Consumer Price Index at 327.5 reflects cumulative price changes over time. When CPI rises year-over-year by, say, 3%, a basket of goods costing $100 a year ago now costs approximately $103. Everyday items like groceries, gasoline, and rent are all reflected in this index. (Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics)

10-Year History

Historical Context

Over the past 10 years, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) has ranged from a low of 239.6 in May 2016 to a high of 327.5 in February 2026, with an average of approximately 277.2. The current value of 327.5 is near the high end of its 10-year range. (Source: FRED via FRED)

Related Inflation Indicators

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is part of the inflation category. Related indicators include: 10-Year Breakeven Inflation Rate (currently 2.33%), Core CPI (Excluding Food & Energy) (currently 333.5), Core PCE Price Index (currently 128.4), PCE Price Index (currently 129.0). CPI and PCE both measure price changes but differ in methodology. The Fed targets 2% annual PCE inflation (not CPI) when setting policy. Core measures (excluding food and energy) help reveal underlying inflation trends by removing volatile components. The 10-year breakeven inflation rate shows what bond markets expect inflation to average, providing a forward-looking perspective compared to CPI and PCE which measure past prices. (Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Federal Reserve)

What to Watch

Economists typically watch month-over-month CPI changes for trends in inflation momentum. Core CPI (excluding food and energy) reveals underlying price pressures. The Fed targets 2% annual PCE inflation, not CPI, but both measures tend to move in similar directions. CPI data is released monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Historical patterns do not guarantee future outcomes. (Source: BLS)

Limitations of This Data

CPI measures urban consumer prices and may not reflect the experience of rural consumers. The basket of goods is updated periodically but may not match any individual household's spending pattern. CPI uses a fixed basket approach, while PCE (the Fed's preferred measure) allows for substitution effects. Initial releases are subject to revision. (Source: BLS) This data is released monthly and reflects conditions as of the most recent reporting period. Economic data is frequently revised as more complete information becomes available; initial releases may differ significantly from final figures. This indicator measures one dimension of the economy and should be considered alongside other data for a more complete picture. (Source: FRED)

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